Aim and objectives

PRE-CARE-DIET is a randomized, controlled nutritional intervention involving the targeted recruitment of adults at cardiometabolic risk (overweight, obesity, high LDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, etc.) based on their different ability to metabolize phenolic compounds in the diet. Thus, 500 subjects will be profiled, of whom 2/3 will be recruited and grouped according to their phenolic profile. Each subject will be allocated to either a control group or an intervention group for a period of 16 weeks: the intervention group will be given an individualized diet, balanced on the basis of their dietary habits, but increased by 50% in (poly)phenol intake. Otherwise, the control group will be given general directions for healthy eating. At this stage of the study, the contribution of food companies, both national and international, plays a key role in achieving the intended goals and ensuring volunteers' adherence to diets.

During the study, information on lifestyle and eating habits, anthropometric measurements and body composition, as well as clinical data and biological samples will be collected. The same will then be analyzed through a comprehensive multi-omics approach (genomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, proteomics). All data will then be used to create predictive models explaining, at the individual level, the cardiometabolic response to personalized dietary interventions, as well as the determinants of inter-individual variability to (poly)phenol consumption and the contribution of each variable to obesity prevention and improved health status. Among these variables, it will be possible to estimate the effect of consumption of specific foods on final outcomes.